Prerequisites
High school algebra, functions, and basic Python.
Understand the math. Unlock the models.
Build mathematical foundations through intuition, formulas, manual calculations, and NumPy. Learners understand data representation, vector operations, optimization, and uncertainty. This module prepares them for technical study and research reading. Advanced research mathematics requires further study.

High school algebra, functions, and basic Python.
A notebook that computes similarity and projections, optimizes a simple function, estimates probabilities, and checks gradients with finite differences.
Learners preparing for ML, DL, research reading, or stronger mathematical foundations.
Represent and reason about ML and DL concepts mathematically.
| Week | First session | Second session |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | S1: Scalars, vectors, matrices, tensors, shapes, and data representation | S2: Dot products, norms, distance, and cosine similarity |
| 2 | S3: Matrix multiplication, linear transformations, and systems of equations | S4: Rank, basis, projection, and least-squares geometry |
| 3 | S5: Eigenvalues, eigenvectors, and geometric interpretation | S6: SVD and low-rank approximation |
| 4 | S7: Partial derivatives, gradients, and directional derivatives | S8: The chain rule, Jacobians, and multivariable differentiation |
| 5 | S9: Gradient descent and the effect of step size | S10: Convexity, curvature, constrained optimization, and regularization |
| 6 | S11: Conditional probability, independence, and Bayes' theorem | S12: Random variables, distributions, expectation, variance, and covariance |
| 7 | S13: Sampling, the law of large numbers, the central limit theorem, estimation error, and confidence intervals | S14: Likelihood, MLE, MAP, and their connection to objective functions |
| 8 | S15: Entropy, cross-entropy, and KL divergence | S16: Integrated mathematics lab and notebook defense |
CPU notebook workspace, interactive math labs, and solution sessions.
Mathematics notebook with solutions and correctness checks.